Elastic-fluid turbine and the like



July 20 1926. 1,593,393

J. H. DORAN 4 ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE AND THE LIKE Filed Oct. 30. 1923 a II z l 6 22 2/ 6 27 24 3 25 [T1126 rm n L /6 /5 2 /7 /a a l7 27-Inventor-z Jo hh H Dofan,

by 1% W His Attorney.

Patented July 20, 1925. I 1 I u V ironicn. nonan, er Wrens, To Gunmannnsorsic 'CUMPAN-Y, aoo'nronarrcu-or new YORK.

ELASTIC-FLUID TURBINE AND THE LIKE.

' Application filed October 30, 1923. Serial No. 671,785.

sent invention relates to elastic shaft-fron'i a section between itsends pro fluid turbines a-ndthe likeand particularly gressively towardeither or both ends in a to turbines of the type comprising a pluseriesof steps. Each radial face or'shoulrality ofdisks or wheels mounted on ader,'forined'betwcen the steps, is undercut to 5 shaft-and carryingsuitable buckets on their provide annular recess 18 into which is 60peripheries. fitted a corresponding annular projection The object-ofthepresent invei'it-ion is'to lS at the bore of the wheel structure. Theprovidean improved 'arrangen'ienL-in elasprojection 18* fitting within arecess 18 in tic-fluid turbine-rotors for attaching the the shaft,serves to hold th wheel structure wheels ordisks'to the shaft and for-aconconcentric with the shaft againstradial 65 .sideration of what isbelieved to be novel stresses fte'nding to separate it from the. andtlieinvention, attention is directed to shaft. With the particular wheelstructure the accompanying drawing, description illustrated, projections18 are parts-of the thereof' andthe appended claims. rings 15. inthe"drawing..Fig.11sa longitudinal, Between rings 15, spacing rings If)are 7 sectional view of an elastic-fluid turbine pressed or otherwiseiitted onto the shaft. embodying the invention, and Fig. 2 is a These v'y be integral with rings .15, al longitudinal sectional View on anenlarged though the present example theyare scale-of a'portion ofFig. 1. shown as separate therefrom. Spacing L9 Referring to thedrawing, 5 is-the turbine rings 19 carry the usual interstage packing '1shaft inounted inbearings 6' and'carrying a members 20; Cooperatingstationary 'paclrseries of bucket wheels 7,on the peripheries inginen'ibers carried-'bythe diaphragms arev of'which are mounted rings ofradial-bucl' indicated at 21. The shaft ends are'packed ets 8."Interposed between the bucket wheels at each end of the shell bysimilar packings are diaphragms 9 which 'dividethe wheels 22 and'23carried jointly by the shell and into a series of successive. "stages.-These rings 2% and 525 pressed ontogthe shaft. diaphragms are providedwith annular Theserings-are similar 'to spacing rings 19 rings ofnozzles 10, in alignment with. the and are each secured on the shaft bya pair bucket rings for receiving and directing of locking rings 26 and27. Ring 26 is a. elastic fluid from one stage to another. split ringsnapped into-a groove in the shaft The turbine casing in which thediawith ring 27 forced over it. These form i-ihragms are mounted isindicated at '11. substantially a key at each end of the shaft This isprovided with an inlet opening '12, for holding the assembled units fromlonan inlet nozzle section '13 and an exhaust gitudinal movement. hespacing rings 19 opening 14-. The structure shown and thus and thewheel-carryingrings 15 are keyed i far described may be taken as anexample to the shaftafter the inannerof all rotating ofthe usual type ofelastic fiuid'turbine. parts fitted to a shaft. The keys are indi- Inthe present example, my invention is eatedby dotted lines 28.

shown as being carried out in connection In assembling the wheels on ashaft, they with a "wheel "structure. wherein the wheels are put onsuccessively from opposite ends are mounted on "rings 15f161'1iWl1iCl1they of the shaft, the arrangement being such may expand under guidanceof radial pins that a reasonably tight fit of the wheel on 16 whichproject into them from the rings. the shaft is obtained. This may heaccom- These pins are equally spaced about the plished by shrinking thewheels on in the ring and maintain/the wheels concentric well-understoodmanner. However. since 1th) with the rings as the wheels expandunder theprojections 18 fitting into'recesses 18 action of temperature andcentrifugal serve to hold the wheel structures concentric stresses. Awheel with its carrying ring with the shaft the wheel structures needattached forms in substance a unitary wheel not be put on with a verytight shrink-fit as structure adapted to be attached to and rewouldotherwise be the case. This has the moved from a shaft as a unit. greatadvantage that it facilitates assembly According to my invention theWheel and disasseinbly and particularly the latter structures aresecured to the shaft on a for it is often very diflicult to remove fromseries of stepped diameters 17 which are a shaft, Wheels which are verytightly formed by reducing the diameter of the shrunk on it. I

While my invention is well adapted for use with wheel structures whereinthe wheels are attached to the shaft through the intermediary of a ring,such as the rings 15. it will he understood of course that it is notlimited thereto but may be used in connection with any desired type ofwheel structure.

Any required number of wheels may be secured to the shaft in this mannerby providing a corresponding number of shoulders and adjacentcylindrical sections for receiving them.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I havedescribed the principle of operation of my invention, together with theapparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof,but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is onlylllUStlfitlVG and that the invention may be carried out by other means.

hat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the Unit-edStates is:

1. In combination, a shaft having a series of radial shoulders along itslength formed by reducing its diameter in a series of steps, annularlongitudinally extending recesses in said shoulders, wheel units littedon said shaft and annular projections integral 'ith said wheel unitsprojecting into the annular recesses and forming therewith a means forlocking the wheel units on the shaft.

2. In an elastic-fluid turbine or the like, the combination with a rotorhaving a series of spaced wheel units carried by a common shaft, ofmeans formed in the shaft and on the wheel units engaging to jointlyprovide an interlocked structure resistant to relative radial movementbetween the wheel units and the shaft.

In an elastic-fluid turbine or the like, the combination with a rotorhaving a series of spaced wheel units carried by a common shaft, of acorresponding series of shoulders formed in the shaft, alongitudinally-extending annular recess in each of said shoulders, andcorresponding annular projections integral with said wheel units fittinginto said recesses to form an interlocked structure.

a. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combination of a shaft having radialshoulders formed along its length between cylindrical sections ofdiffering diameters arranged in a series of graded steps, an annularrecess extending longitudinally of the shaft provided in each of saidshoulders, a wheel unit on each cylindrical section of the shaft inabutting relation with an adjacent shoulder and means integral with eachwheel unit engaging with an adjacent recess to provide a locking meansbetween each wheel unit and the shaft.

In an elastic-fluid turbine, the comhination of a shaft having an evennumber of radial sl'ioulders interposed between an odd number ofcylindrical sections of decreasing diameter, one with respect to theother toward ea -h end oi the shaft. a longitudinally extending annularrecess in each shoulder, a wheel unit on each cylindrical section of theshaft, an annular projection integral with each wheel unit fitting intoan adjacent annular recess, spacing means between the wheel units, and alocking); means adjacent each end of the shaft preventing longitudinalmovement of said wheel units.

6. In an elastic-fluid turbine or the like, the combination with a rotorshaft, of a wheel unit thereon, and means for holding the wheel unitconcentric with the shaft, comprising an annular longitudinallyextending recess in the shaft and a corresponding annular longitudinallyextending proj ection on the wheel unit engaging with the recess.

7. In an elastic-fluid turbine or the like, the combination with a rotorshaft, of a wheel unit thereon means forming a radial shoulder on theshaft against which shoulder the wheel unit is seated, an annularlongitudinally extending recess in the shoulder and a correspondingannular longitudinally extending projection on the wheel unit engagingtherewith, said projection and recess providing an interlocking meansfor maintaining the wheel unit concentric with the shaft.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 29th day ofOctober, 1923.

JOHN H. DORAN.

